Casing-head for oil-wells



(No Model.)

M. W. KAHLE.

l CASING HEAD FOROIL WELLS.

N0. 243,7 09. Patented July 5,-.1881. 4

. Witn'esSs: A IV \1/ Inventor:

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2 UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

MANUEL W. KAHLE, OF DUKE CENTRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

CASING-HEAD F'O R OIL-WELLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 243,709, dated July 5, 1881.

Application filed March 22, 1881.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, MANUEL W. KAHLE, of Duke Centre, in the county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain 5 new and useful Improvements on CasingHeads for Oil-Wells; and I do hereby declare that the following description of" my said invention,

, taken in connection with the accompanying sheet of drawings, forms a full, clear, and exact I specification, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention has general reference to casing-heads for oil-wells; and it consists, essentially, in the novel and peculiar combination of parts and details of construction, substantially as hereinafter first f ullyset forth and described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings already mentioned, which serve to illustrate my said invention more fully, Figure 1 is an elevation of my complete casinghead. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan. Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the casing-cap. Fig. 5 is a sectional 2 view of the rubber gasket. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of a portion of the casing-head, on an enlarged scale, so as to more clearly illustrate its construction. ,1;

The object of this present invention is the production of a casing-head for oil-wells that shall possess the following ad vantages and peculiarities: first, that the gasket used shall at once serve as a packing for the tubing and for the casing, so as to avoid the use of several packing rings or disks; second, that it shall be so constructed that when the cap is removed there will also be removed at the same time the set-screws or other devices by means of which the cap. is secured to the head and the 4.0 upasket which serves as a packing for the easng and the tubing, so as to produce at once a free and unobstructed opening of the casinghead, and to remove the causes of damage to the drilling-rope-viz.,the screws thathold the cap to the casing-head; third, that by applying the cap to the casing-head the joint shall be packed at once, so as to avoid danger, loss of time, and trouble. To accomplish these results I construct my casin g-head substantially as follows:

A in the drawings represents the casinghead,havin g on its under sideascrew-threaded (No model.)

opening, into which is secured, or rather by means of which my casing-head is secured to the well-casing B. Centrally through this casing-headis passed the tubing B, having thiinbles C, as shown in the various figures.

This casing-head has near its upper end a pro jecting rim, A, jointing the neck ofthe casinghead by an inclined portion, A, and it is closed 011 that end by means of a cap, D, having pointed set -screws F, arranged in such position that when the cap is passed over the rim A said set-screws will engage the beveled or inclined portion A, and thereby cause the cap to be tightly drawn down upon the said casinghead.

Between the cap D and the casing-head is interposed a rubber packing-ring or gasket, J. This gasket I construct preferably of one or more annular rings, of linen or other fibrous or textile material, J,embedded in the body of the rubber, said rings J occupying the outer part of the gasket, where it comes in contact with the head and cap, while the inner portion, composed of rubber only, serves to pack the tubing. On the under side of this gasket I place a washer, L, of less diameter than the bore of the body A, so as to support the rubber gasket, said washer being retained in position by means of bolts K, passing through the washer, the gasket, and the cap, the heads K of said bolts being on the under side of the washer, and the nuts K on the top of the capD.

In the gasket J there is an opening or aperture, J, through which the tubing B is passed. In the head A are one or more apertures, into which are screwed the flow-pipes E, leading the gas or oil to the tanks or other places.

G is the elevator, of usual construction, by means of which the tubing B is raised and lowered in the casin g B.

It will now be readily observed that by the construction as set forth I derive the advan tages hereinbefore set fort-hviz., by constructing the casing-head with the projecting rim A and beveled portionA, and by providing the cap D with, the set-screws F, and by fur ther securing the gasket J to the cap, I am enabled to remove, while removing the cap, also the gasket and the screws by which the cap is secured to the casing-head, and to replace, while replacing the cap, all the parts that are necessary to make an almost instan IOG taneous joint, which is the most essential feature in my casinghead, since it will prevent the loss of oil and gas and avoid danger to the operator, 8w.

By constructing the gasket in the manner specifiedthat is to say, with a thin flange, P, Fig. 5, and a central enlarged portion, Qit serves at once the double purpose of packing the tubing and the casing-head, thus dispensing with the use of several packing-rings or gaskets to make the various joints.

By the construction of the casing-head and cap the set-screws bear upon the beveled portion A and draw the cap tightly down upon the gasket J, and thereby make a perfect joint for the casing-a result that has not been accomplished by any other method of construction, as far as I am aware.

Before the lastjoint of the tubing is puton, a ring, I, Figs. 2 and 6, is passed over said tubing and the thimble 0 applied, so that the tubing rests upon the said ring I and releases the gasket. 4

In pushing the tubing B through the gasket J, the central aperture, J, Fig. 4, of which is of less diameter than the external diameter of the tubing B, the central portion of said gasket is downwardly deflected, so that when the pressure of the oil or gas acts upon the under side of the washerL and gasket J thelatter is pushed upward, and thereby caused to tightly press against the outside of the tubing and to pack the same so tightly that no gas or oil can possibly escape, no matter how strong a pressure may bear against said gasket.

Sometimesit is necessary to agitate the interior of the casing to cause the oil to flow, a sand-pump being lowered into the casing for this purpose. In such acase I substitutefor the gasket J one having an aperture, J, sufficiently small to fit the line by which said sandpump is lowered, so that when the oil, &c., begins to flow there is no waste of oil and no danger of taking fire. This is a very essential feature of my casing-head.

Having thus fully described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure to me by Letters Patent of the United States- 1. The casing-head hereinbefore described, consisting, essentially, of the body A, the cap D, and the gasket J, said gasket having a thin flange, I, and an increased portion, Q, Whereby the tubing and the casing-head are packed at the same time, in a manner substantially as and for the object stated.

2. In casing-heads, the body A, having the rim A and tapering portion A, combined with the cap D, having the tightening-screws F, as specified, whereby the cap is tightly drawn down upon the gasket J, as stated.

3. An improved casing-head having a body, A, provided with a cap, D, and a rubber gasket, J, having a small aperture, J, through which a sand-line may be passed, so that the pressure of gas, acting on the under side of said gasket, causes the latter to be pushed upward, and thereby to tightly embrace said line and to pack the same, as specified.

4. A casing-head having a gasket adapted to pack the casing-joint, in conjunction with the cap D and set-screws F, engaging the tapering portion A of the casing-head,as stated.

5. An improved casing-head having a cap, D, provided with a packing-gasket, J, the washer L, of less diameter than the bore of'the casing-head, and the bolts K,Whereby the pressure of gas and oil, acting on the under side of the washer, compresses the gasket and causes it to tightly embrace the tubing 13, as stated.

6. A rubber gasket for casing-heads, having a thin flange and an increased body, as and for the object specified.

7. An improved gasket for casing-heads, having a thin flange provided with one or more annular rings or layers of textile material or my invention I have hereto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MANUEL W. KA'HLE.

Attest:

MICHAEL J. STARK, JOHN G. DUERR. 

